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What is e Way Bill? E-Waybill Rules & Generation Process Explained

E-Way bill rules and generation process-min

1. What is an eWay Bill?

E-Way Bill is an Electronic Way bill for movement of goods to be generated on the eWay Bill Portal. A GST registered person cannot transport goods in a vehicle whose value exceeds Rs. 50,000 (Single Invoice/bill/delivery challan) without an e-way bill that is generated on ewaybillgst.gov.in.

Alternatively, Eway bill can also be generated or cancelled through SMS, Android App and by site-to-site integration through API.

When an eway bill is generated, a unique Eway Bill Number (EBN) is allocated and is available to the supplier, recipient, and the transporter.

2.When Should eWay Bill be issued?

eWay bill will be generated when there is a movement of goods in a vehicle/ conveyance of value more than Rs. 50,000 (either each Invoice or in aggregate of all invoices in a vehicle/conveyance) –

In relation to a ‘supply’
For reasons other than a ‘supply’ ( say a return)
Due to inward ‘supply’ from an unregistered person

For this purpose, a supply may be either of the following:

A supply made for a consideration (payment) in the course of business
A supply made for a consideration (payment) which may not be in the course of business
A supply without consideration (without payment)In simpler terms, the term ‘supply’ usually means a:

Sale – sale of goods and payment made
Transfer – branch transfers for instance
Barter/Exchange – where the payment is by goods instead of in money

Therefore, eWay Bills must be generated on the common portal for all these types of movements. For certain specified Goods, the eway bill needs to be generated mandatorily even if the value of the consignment of Goods is less than Rs. 50,000:

Inter-State movement of Goods by the Principal to the Job-worker by Principal/ registered Job-worker***,
Inter-State Transport of Handicraft goods by a dealer exempted from GST registration

If approved, the RoC reserves the name for 60 days, within which the company must apply for incorporation. If the company fails to do so, the name shall lapse and the entire process will have to be repeated, for the company to file its incorporation.

3. Who should Generate an eWay Bill?

Registered Person – Eway bill must be generated when there is a movement of goods of more than Rs 50,000 in value to or from a registered person. A Registered person or the transporter may choose to generate and carry eway bill even if the value of goods is less than Rs 50,000.

Unregistered Persons – Unregistered persons are also required to generate e-Way Bill. However, where a supply is made by an unregistered person to a registered person, the receiver will have to ensure all the compliances are met as if they were the supplier.

Transporter – Transporters carrying goods by road, air, rail, etc. also need to generate e-Way Bill if the supplier has not generated an e-Way Bill.

Unregistered Transporters will be issued Transporter ID on enrolling on the e-way bill portal after which Eway bills can be generated.

Who	When	Part	Form
Every Registered person under GST	Before movement of goods	Fill Part A	Form GST EWB-01
Registered person is consignor or consignee (mode of transport may be owned or hired) OR is recipient of goods	Before movement of goods	Fill Part B	Form GST EWB-01
Registered person is consignor or consignee and goods are handed over to transporter of goods	Before movement of goods	Fill Part B	The registered person shall furnish the information relating to the transporter in Part B of FORM GST EWB-01
Transporter of goods	Before movement of goods		Generate e-way bill on basis of information shared by the registered person in Part A of FORM GST EWB-01
An unregistered person under GST and recipient is registered	Compliance to be done by Recipient as if he is the Supplier.		1. If the goods are transported for a distance of fifty kilometers or less, within the same State/Union territory from the place of business of the consignor to the place of business of the transporter for further transportation, the supplier or the transporter may not furnish the details of conveyance in Part B of FORM GST EWB-01. 2. If supply is made by air, ship or railways, then the information in Part A of FORM GST EWB-01 has to be filled in by the consignor or the recipient

Note: If a transporter is transporting multiple consignments in a single conveyance, they can use the form GST EWB-02 to produce a consolidated e-way bill, by providing the e-way bill numbers of each consignment. If both the consignor and the consignee have not created an e-way bill, then the transporter can do so * by filling out PART A of FORM GST EWB-01 on the basis of the invoice/bill of supply/delivery challan given to them.

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4. Cases when eWay bill is Not Required

In the following cases it is not necessary to generate e-Way Bil:

The mode of transport is non-motor vehicle
Goods transported from Customs port, airport, air cargo complex or land customs station to Inland Container Depot (ICD) or Container Freight Station (CFS) for clearance by Customs.
Goods transported under Customs supervision or under customs seal
Goods transported under Customs Bond from ICD to Customs port or from one custom station to another.
Transit cargo transported to or from Nepal or Bhutan
Movement of goods caused by defence formation under Ministry of defence as a consignor or consignee
Empty Cargo containers are being transported
Consignor transporting goods to or from between place of business and a weighbridge for weighment at a distance of 20 kms, accompanied by a Delivery challan.
Goods being transported by rail where the Consignor of goods is the Central Government, State Governments or a local authority.
Goods specifed as exempt from E-Way bill requirements in the respective State/Union territory GST Rules.
Transport of certain specified goods- Includes the list of exempt supply of goods, Annexure to Rule 138(14), goods treated as no supply as per Schedule III, Certain schedule to Central tax Rate notifications. (PDF of List of Goods).

Note: Part B of e-Way Bill is not required to be filled where the distance between the consigner or consignee and the transporter is less than 50 Kms and transport is within the same state.

5. Status of Implementation across India

Inter-State movement of goods has seen rise in numbers of generation of eway bills ever since its implementation began from 1st April 2018. State-wise implementation of e-way bill system has seen a good response with all the States and Union Territories joining the league in the generation of eway bills for movement of goods within the State/UT. However, reliefs have been provided to people of few States by way of exempting them from eway bill generation in case of monetary limits falling below threshold amount or certain specified items. For Instance, Tamil Nadu has exempted people of its State from the generation of eway bill if the monetary limit of the items falls below Rs. One Lakh. To know more of such reliefs for other States/UTs, visit commercial tax websites for each of such States/UTs.

6. Validity of eWay Bill

An e-way bill is valid for periods as listed below, which is based on the distance travelled by the goods. Validity is calculated from the date and time of generation of e-way bill-

Type of conveyance	Distance	Validity of EWB
Other than Over dimensional cargo	Less Than 100 Kms	1 Day
Other than Over dimensional cargo	For every additional 100 Kms or part thereof	additional 1 Day
For Over dimensional cargo	Less Than 20 Kms	1 Day
For Over dimensional cargo	For every additional 20 Kms or part thereof	additional 1 Day

Validity of Eway bill can be extended also. The generator of such Eway bill has to either four hours before expiry or within four hours after its expiry can extend Eway bill validity.

7. Documents or Details required to generate eWay Bill

Invoice/ Bill of Supply/ Challan related to the consignment of goods
Transport by road – Transporter ID or Vehicle number
Transport by rail, air, or ship – Transporter ID, Transport document number, and date on the document

Frequently Asked Questions

1: What is the responsibility and liability for the transporter in E-Way bill system?

Transporters carrying goods by road, air, rail, etc. also need to generate e Way Bill if the supplier has not generated an e Way bill due to any reason. Generate e way bill on basis of information shared by the suppliers/ consignors regarding the Invoice/challan. To know more refer to our article on ‘Compliance on e-Way Bills by Transporter’ If the transporter does not generate in the above circumstances when he is required to, he may face penalty of Rs 10,000 or tax sought to be evaded (wherever applicable) whichever is greater, further liable for confiscation of goods and seizure of vehicle.

2: How many e-way bills are required to be generated to ship a consignment to a customer involving multiple transporters (having different Transporter IDs) in between? How will the one invoice-one e-way bill validation be complied here since end customer is only one?

One e-Way bill needs to be generated against the Invoice. Above situation is known as “Transshipment”. Transporter can also re-assign another transporter by updating transporter ID on the eway bill portal. Once transporter re-assigns another transporter, seller cannot make any changes to assigned transporter. So, the user has to generate different delivery challans against the invoice based on the different Transporter ID, because different e-way bills against a single invoice is not possible and will also cause the problem in populating the data in the GSTR-1.

3: Is e-Way bill required, if the value of shipment per customer per day exceeds Rs 50,000? How will we take multiple invoices under single e-way bill?

Here, it depends whether the supplier himself is the transporter or not. If he is the transporter, then he is required to generate the e-way bill for all the invoices but if not, then the transporter will be required to generate the e-way bill against all the invoices in the Vehicle.

4: For Selection of Sub Type in case of Outward Supply, What do terms “CKD/SKD” & “Line sales” mean?

“CKD/SKD” means the movement of the goods in Completely knocked down condition or Semi Knocked Down condition. For eg: Movement of Fan in different parts, which will be assembled later. “Line Sales” Vertical sales made from one unit / department/division of an organisation to another unit/department/division next in production line within that Organisation